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S1. Preparation of mildly reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) MRGO was obtained via the Hummers route following a previously documented protocol with some minor variations [1]. Briefly, graphite oxide was first prepared from graphite powder by the Hummers method and then exfoliated into individual graphene oxide nanosheets (NSs) in deionized water by sonication. The concentration of the ensuing aqueous graphene oxide dispersion (typically a few milligrams per milliliter) was estimated by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy according to a procedure reported elsewhere [2]. When starting from dilute graphene oxide, a 1 mg mL-1 suspension was obtained by dilution and slightly reduced by heating at 95 oC for 5 h in the presence of a small amount of ammonia (~2 L of 25% ammonia solution per milliliter of dispersion). The resulting MRGO suspension was colloidally stable at least for several weeks, but could be recovered in the form of a solid product by sedimentation via high-speed centrifugation (after slight acidification with sulfuric acid to neutral pH), followed by extensive washing and drying of the sediment. However, when starting from concentrated graphene oxide (~5 mg mL-1), the correspondingly more concentrated MRGO could be aggregated by centrifugation. After discarding the supernatant, the resulting slurry was freeze-dried using a Telstar Cryodos apparatus. S-2PDF Image | electrochemical route to holey graphene nanosheets
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