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Graphene Production and Application Figure 4. Status of research publications reported corresponding year [20]. to graphene covering graphene fabrication methods, properties and applications. It is difficult to cover every application of graphene, but, some important aspects of graphene like basic introduction/definition, properties and applications of gra- phene have been presented. 2. Fabrication methods for graphene As already mentioned, that graphene is found to be intelligent material for many advanced industrial purposes despite its excellent properties. Since graphene was discovered, industrialists have been finding suitable fabrication methods for producing high quality, defect free, stable and high yield and cost-effective method- ologies. Fabrication methodology of graphene is challenging task, because utiliza- tion this material for different applications mostly depends on fabrication methods at large scale. 2.1 Micromechanical exfoliation Micromechanical exfoliation is method of producing graphene-based materials which involves peeling systematically ordered pyrolytic graphite with the use of adhesive tape. It is a methodology of production of graphene, during this process graphene is separated from graphite crystals Peeling is the method used to produce graphene by peeling it off the graphite. After completion of the peeling, multi- layer graphene’s are remains on the tape. Graphene is sliced into various flakes of few layers by continuously peeling the multi-layer graphene. In this process layers of graphene are bonded strongly by van der Waals bonding. Schematic diagram of micromechanical exfoliation is shown in Figure 5 [21]. It is simple easy manu- facturing method for producing graphene materials but, it is not suitable for large scale growth of graphene materials. Information related to production procedure to make graphene can available in literature [22, 23]. 4PDF Image | Graphene Fabrication Methods
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