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Graphene: Fabrication Methods, Properties, and Applications in Modern Industries DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92258 However, commercial applications of graphene have in initial stages only. Graphene is zero band gap material, more studies needed for of usage industrial applications. Research groups indicating that graphene field is advancing fast to create high speed graphene transistors for applying consumer electronic devices very soon. 4.2 Graphene in data storage Data storage is one of the important areas of research. Investigators are develop- ing the powerful small size hard drives to store higher capacity of data. Researchers suggested that replacing indium tin oxide electrodes with polymers and graphene oxide exhibit write-read-read-rewrite features. Graphene based storage devices are 10 times more powerful than the currently available storage drives. Making small size storage devices is not an issue but increasing capacity levels of storage devices is much importance task. With applications of graphene oxide devices will create big difference in modern industrial environments. 4.3 Graphene in LCD smart windows and OLED displays Liquid crystal display (LCD) smart window is flexible device which consist of a layer of liquid crystals sandwiched between two flexible electrodes made of flexible polymer and graphene. Organic light emitting diode (OLED) windows are also utilized graphene-based OLED counter electrodes. Currently LCDs and OLED technologies utilize indium tin oxide counter electrodes. These materials are brittle in nature and limited availability in the world. Compared to indium tin oxide, graphene is flexible and availability is more/limitless. Usage of graphene in produc- ing flexible smart devices like mobiles and tablet devices is an important research area due to its excellent properties. 4.4 Graphene in supercapacitors Present days electronics are occupying almost every industrial application. Energy storage devices are highly required in every electronics to delivering high electric currents within short time. Supercapacitor is one of the important energy storage devices which utilizes high internal surface area to store charge to delivers higher currents compared to normal capacitors. Graphene can be highly suitable for making supercapacitors due to its higher internal area property. More research attempts are performing to create graphene-based supercapacitors for many advanced applications. 4.5 Graphene in solar cells/photovoltaic cell Solar energy is one of the alternatives, and usage is increasing due to shortage of fusil fuels. Solar cell is important element in solar device which plays critical role to absorb energy from sun light. Presently, platinum-based electronics are using to produce solar cells or photovoltaic cells. Due to higher cost of platinum based solar cells limits its usage in industries. On the other hand, graphene is excellent conduc- tor which is potential material for solar cells. Graphene based electrodes can be made low cost as well as weight while maintaining the efficiency [14]. 4.6 Graphene in thermoelectric applications Thermoelectric materials (TEM) are useful to convert thermal energy to electri- cal energy and vice versa. TEM are highly used in Peltier coolers and thermoelectric 9PDF Image | Graphene Fabrication Methods
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