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Graphene from Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphite

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Graphene from Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphite ( graphene-from-electrochemically-exfoliated-graphite )

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quenched in liquid nitrogen followed by a lyophilization step. The as-obtained GA exhibits an ultralow density of around 1 mg/cm3 (porosity > 99 %) which is one of the lowest density values recorded for carbon aerogels,[19] including graphene-based aerogels obtained by the reduction of graphene oxide foams.[20] An image of one such aerogel is shown in Figure 6a. As expected, this material has a very open structure made up of interconnected graphene nanoscrolls and wrinkled graphene sheets, as illustrated by the SEM images in Figures 6b-d. The graphene aerogel is highly hydrophobic, as can be deduced by the wide contact angle (∼140o) observed for a drop of water on the surface of the GA (see Figure 7a). By contrast, when a drop of organic solvent such as cyclohexane is added to the GA, it is rapidly absorbed (see Figure 7b). Figure 7c illustrates the ability of a piece of GA to remove a layer of pump oil (dyed with Red Oil O) floating on the surface of water. We evaluated the absorption efficiency of GA (defined as weight gain percentage per unit weight of GA) for a variety of organic liquids including organic solvents and oils (Figure 7d). It can be seen that GA has an excellent absorption capacity and is able to absorb organic substances up to 35 to 90 times its own weight, which is in the range of the values measured for graphene foams produced by the reduction of GO obtained by the Hummers method.[21] 2.4. EEG-based free-standing graphene films as electrodes for double layer electrochemical capacitors Free-standing graphene films were easily prepared by the vacuum filtration of RGO aqueous dispersions. The filtration process takes place rapidly (i.e. < 30 min). In this way, a solvated graphene film with a thickness of around 100 μm and an areal density of ∼ 1 mg/cm2 is obtained (see Figure 8a). When 13

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