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17 It was found using the spectroscopy of the samples that the I2D/IG ratio of graphene at 50 Celsius was .476 and at 21 Celsius (room temperature) was .648 (Figure 5). This is proof that at higher temperatures, the graphene produced tend to have a smaller number of layers. 2.4.6 Graphene exfoliation using the proposed model Graphene exfoliation in the proposed cavitation model was studied using 3 main time intervals of 3, 4.5 and 6 hours. Similarly, both the ID/IG and I2D /IG ratios were calculated for each run to study the graphitic nature of the graphene produced. At 3 hours it was found the ID/IG to be 0.29 and I2D /IG to be 0.43. At 4.5 hours it was found the ID/IG to be 0.25 and I2D /IG to be 0.33. At 6 hours it was found the ID/IG to be 0.33 and I2D /IG to be 0.307. Based on these ratios it could be seen that though the ID/IG ratios did not necessarily change with time I2D /IG seem to show lower ratios with increasing time (Figure 6). These results suggest that, with time, graphene exfoliation tends to improve. To understand the morphology of the graphene produced TEM images were used. These images provided an insight to the number of layers of the graphene produced which was used in ranking the graphene. It was identified that the graphene processed for six hours tend to be less opaque (Figure 7a) meaning there were a smaller number of graphene layers than that of the other two samples (Figure 7b, Figure 7c).PDF Image | Hydrodynamic cavitation exfoliation layered graphene nano
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