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20 2.4.7 Optimized cavitation model using a venturi tube Based on data gathered by Li et al [29] on cavitation a COMSOL model was created to size a potential pump and study the effectiveness of a potential venturi tube to create hydrodynamic cavitation. A venturi tube was designed using SolidWorks (Figure 8a) with a diameter ratio (DR) of 6, where in the inlet diameter (π·τ°) was 9mm and 1.5mm for the orifice diameter (π·τ°) (Figure 8b). An inlet angle of 19 degrees and an outlet angle of 5 degrees was assigned to optimize cavitation (Figure 6). This was because the highest-pressure drops were found in these angles based on findings of Li et al [30]. Using the simulation, it was seen the pressure dropped to vapor pressure at the throat of the venturi tube (Figure 9c). The cavitation number (πΆτ°) is a dimensionless number used to characterize the conditions of cavitation in hydraulic devices. The cavitation number is dependent on πτ° inlet pressure, πτ° vapor pressure, density of the graphite solution and π£τ° which is the solution velocity at the orifice (throat). π·π = τ°τ° (3) τ°τ° πΆ = τ° τ° τ° τ°τ° τ° τ°τ° β τ° τ° τ° β τ° τ° (4)PDF Image | Hydrodynamic cavitation exfoliation layered graphene nano
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