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quality of graphene, we have used electrochemical exfoliation with alkaline electrolyte having pH ~12 and pH ~11. One advantage of using pure alkaline electrolyte may be that it will not oxidize the graphitic anode particularly at the edges. The electrochemical exfoliation was carried out by first applying DC voltage of +3V for 100 sec. After this high voltages (+10V and -10V) were applied on the anode at an interval of 5 sec. The application of high voltages on the anode resulted in the gradual exfoliation of graphite through edges. This process takes place for nearly 30 min to appreciably exfoliate the graphite flakes. During the exfoliation there are two types of graphitic flakes formed; one gets sedimented at the bottom which consists of thick graphitic pieces. The second type of graphitic sample floats on the surface of electrolyte. These flakes are nearly transparent and have been found to consist of few layer graphene (FLG). 3. Material characterization Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements were performed with a FEI Technai-20G2 microscope (acceleration voltage = 200 kV). The Raman spectra of the EG were recorded with Horiba Jobin Yuon (HR800) Raman spectrometer model number H 45517 with an argon-ion laser at an excitation wavelength of 514.532 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was obtained by using a Perkin Elmer FTIR spectrometer (spectrum 100). 4. Results and discussion Fig. 1a shows the schematic diagram of experimental setup used for electrochemical exfoliation of graphite. The working electrode, counter electrode and electrolyte used in the setup were graphite foil, platinum wire and KOH dissolved in water respectively. In order to wet the graphite and to enter the hydrated OH- ions between graphite layers, the static bias of +3V was first applied for 100 sec to the working electrode. The high voltage of +10V was then applied which dissociates the graphite into small sheets which further get spread into thePDF Image | Synthesis Graphene Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite
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