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Insights to Achieve a Better Control of Silicon-Aluminum Ratio and ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystal Morphology through the Assistance of Biomass Alessandra V. Silva, Leandro S. M. Miranda, Márcio Nele, Benoit Louis and Marcelo M. Pereira Abstract: The present study attempts to provide insights for both the chemical composition (Si/Al) and the crystal morphology of ZSM-5 zeolites while using biomass template compounds in the synthesis. The solution containing biomass-derivative compounds was obtained after treating biomass in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution under reflux. The latter alkaline solution was used as a solvent for zeolite nuclei ingredients to form the gel phase under hydrothermal conditions (170 ̋C during 24, 48 or 72 h). This approach allowed for preparing MFI zeolites having a broad range of Si/Al ratio, i.e., from 25 to 150. Likewise, MFI crystals with different morphologies could be obtained, being different from the pristine zeolite formed in the absence of biomass. 1. Introduction ZSM-5 zeolite, discovered by Mobil Company, is a member of commonly called “big five” zeolites and has been used in several acid-catalyzed processes. For instance, its use can lead to improved gasoline quality in fluid catalytic cracking processes [1]. Ethylene and propylene selectivity can also be improved based on ZSM-5 additives [2]. Likewise this zeolite has been successfully tested in NOx reduction [3], glycerol conversion [3,4] and in the Methanol-To-Olefins process [5]. Barely reactive σ C–H and σ C–C bonds in saturated hydrocarbons have been activated by means of zeolite catalysts [6]. We have recently demonstrated that the first step in alkane activation occurs through the protolytic cleavage of either σ C–H or σ C–C bonds, followed by bimolecular reactions involving carbocations [7]. The product selectivity is usually strongly affected by the zeolite Si/Al ratio, especially in the chemistry involving hydrocarbons [8]. In addition, the propylene selectivity (in MTO reaction) is largely enhanced in large ZSM-5 crystals and yet by higher SAR [9]. Reprinted from Catalysts. Cite as: Silva, A.V.; Miranda, L.S.M.; Nele, M.; Louis, B.; Pereira, M.M. Insights to Achieve a Better Control of Silicon-Aluminum Ratio and ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystal Morphology through the Assistance of Biomass. Catalysts 2016, 6, 30. 225PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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