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ACEP 12-03 | March 2012 Discharging the VRB-ESS Discharge can be done at a rate according to the load requirements being supported, subject to the battery’s discharge current capacity. At the bottom of discharge, the battery controller indicates that the battery is nearly depleted. However, the battery is not damaged by deeper discharges, so external loads may continue to draw voltage drops below a value that would not allow the continued circulation of electrolyte in the battery. Electrolyte circulation continues until there is no internal battery power available to the battery controller. At this point the battery will act as if it has been powered-OFF. However as long as the on/off switch remains engaged, the instant power source is applied the battery will power- ON and go through its initialization process. Fig. 10. Charge / discharge characteristics Fig. 10 shows a typical charge-discharge characteristic for the 5 kW, 20 kWh VRB-ESS. To maximize battery performance and longevity the strategy of trickle charging is to be avoided. Auxiliary systems can be set up to respond to battery controller commands to request disabling charge current when TOC has been reached. The advantage of the VRB technology is best demonstrated after repeated discharges below 0% capacity causes no harm. However, depending on the size of the load it may be disruptive to the user as power available is reduced at BOD. ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH 16 | P a g ePDF Image | Advanced Battery Storage Systems Testing at ACEP VRB ESS
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