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3.8.2- Improving flow distribution in IFFs Figure 3. 18 illustrates the flow share of each channel in an RFB with 10-channels IFF, described in [38] with 0.25 mm wide channels. This figure acknowledges the non-uniformity in the flow distribution between channels. It encompasses multiple suggestions to improve the flow distribution in RFBs with IFF design, as designing wider manifold, shorter channels, more compressed electrodes, and wider ribs. All the suggestions show more uniform flow distributions than the original flow field design, promising better cell performances. In general, the HEAM recommends that any modification, leading to increase in the difference between the manifold viscous resistance and channels resistance, helps the flow distribution. Therefore, modifications to improve the flow distribution in IFF designs are designing wider manifold, wider ribs, shorter channels, and further compressing electrodes. However, these modifications, excluding utilizing wider manifolds, increase the viscous resistance, hence, the overall pressure drop. This increase in the pressure drop is not desired, therefore, the best option to improve the flow distribution in IFF designs is to use wider flow distribution manifolds. These results are consistent with the literature. Maurya et. al discovered that using carbon paper instead of carbon felts improves the flow distribution in VRFBs with IFF, which resulted in higher power density for VRFBs using carbon papers than the ones utilizing carbon felts. [49] The afore- mentioned article does not mention the reasoning behind the phenomena, but the HEAM predicts that higher electrode compressibility and lower electrode permeability are the cause of it, aligned with the results of the article. Skyllas-Kazacos group discovered that the flow distribution between VRFB cells, while stacked, is more uniform where the pressure drop in each cell is higher. Additionally, the flow is distributed more evenly when wider flow distribution manifold is utilized. 56PDF Image | Analysis of Fluid Flow in Redox Flow Batteries
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