Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid

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Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid ( bringing-redox-flow-batteries-grid )

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Table II-1 – Descriptions/equations of the terms in Equation II-3. See Table II-2 for parameter names and values. bs is the battery size (kWh), though note that this terms cancels out in Equation II-3 and thus LCOS is independent of bs in this model. Symbol Name It Loan Lt payments OMt Details Annual loan paymentdueto thefraction(fd)of the capital cost that was financed by debt Equation 8𝐶cap ($ 𝑘𝑊hAF) ∙bG (𝑘𝑊h), t = 0 $0, t > 0 Investment expenditures Capital costs, only applicable at year 0 AF 𝐶 ($𝑘𝑊h )∙b (𝑘𝑊h)∙𝑓 ∙ (1+𝑑-): −1 𝑑-∙(1 + 𝑑-): A cap $0, t= 0 ⎧ ⎪b! (𝑘𝑊h) ∙ ,𝑂 . G H ,t>0 𝑔 E , 𝑐𝑎𝑝$%# ≤ 𝑐𝑎𝑝&'$ Operating and Maintenance costs Costs to have service provider center the average oxidation state via addition of reductants Energy stored Varies with dynamic accessed capacity Charging costs Costs to charge battery considering state of charge and inflation rate (ri) $ 𝑘𝑊h − 𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑡 𝑛"#8𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑥.>∙𝑀𝑊"#8 𝑔 >∙𝐶"#B$C 𝑘𝑊h 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑥. 𝑤"# 𝑏 (𝑘𝑊h)∙cyclesperday∙𝑓 ,𝑡 > 0 8G !"# 5 + 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑥. 𝑤h𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛"# B 𝑘𝑊h C =B𝑈(𝑉)∙F B𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒(C∙ 1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑉C ∙ 1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑉 ∙ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩$0, 𝑐𝑎𝑝$%# > 𝑐𝑎𝑝&'$ 𝐶 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑒( () 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑥. 3,600,000 𝑊𝑠 𝑘𝑊h Et 0(kWh),t=0 Ct 𝐸 (𝑘𝑊h)∙CF ∙𝑝 X$𝑘𝑊hAFY∙(1+𝑟)7AE ∙(2-𝜀 ) %+$I Tt Taxes Paid on It 𝐼% (𝑘𝑊h) ∙T 21

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