PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 038
represents a scenario where the LCOS for the lessee is reduced via the leasing scheme. We note that the pink line is below all the other curves, implying that it corresponds to a lessee discount rate even lower than 4% and that, if this assumption is plausible, leasing would likely be a beneficial practice for lessees. This analysis implies that the leasing scheme not only lowers upfront cost, but, provided the fee is low enough, it can benefit battery operators by reducing the overall LCOS. It should be noted, however, that a representation of the annual fee as dynamic over time may be more realistic and would reduce the benefits to the lessee, however such an advanced treatment is beyond the scope of this initial work. Some considerations a lessor would likely take into account to develop a dynamic annual fee include inflation, predictions of future vanadium supply and demand, and the potential rise of alternative RFB chemistries that may reduce the value of the vanadium electrolyte. The dashed lines in this plot represent the IRR for the lessor under each scheme. The IRR does not vary with vanadium price in this analysis as is explained in section S5 of the SI of the published version of this chapter [60]. We can see the range of IRRs is ca. 8- 20%. At this point in time, it is difficult to speculate what magnitude of rate of return would be acceptable to a lessor, as these values are not widely available and vary across industries. However, metals leasing is an existing industry, with developed markets for leasing platinum, palladium, silver, and gold. At least initially, we expect that vanadium leasing rates would be similar to those for platinum, palladium, or silver, as these metals are leased for industrial use and have a higher risk associated with the loan than gold, which is usually leased for investment purposes and thus is not actually used in any physical manner [89]. Figure II-7b presents similar information to Figure II-7a, leveraging the same equations and variables, but this time from the perspective of the lessor. As a lessor, one may have a target IRR and this plot can be used to determine the annual fee that should be charged to match that IRR at a specific vanadium price. The minimum annual fees needed to meet each IRR are plotted in solid lines (left y-axis), while the various line colors corresponding to different vanadium prices. As expected, the fees that must be charged increase with increasing IRR and vanadium price. The dashed lines show the corresponding discount rate to the lessee under each scenario. Note that the discount rate is the same for all vanadium prices and only varies with IRR. This observation is similar to that observed in Figure II-7a and is described in the SI (section S5) of the published version of this chapter [60]. In summary, while this analysis represents a preliminary interpretation of electrolyte leasing, it indicates that such a scheme may hold promise. However, further work is 38PDF Image | Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid
PDF Search Title:
Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the GridOriginal File Name Searched:
Rodby-krodby-phd-chemE-2022-thesis.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Salgenx Redox Flow Battery Technology: Salt water flow battery technology with low cost and great energy density that can be used for power storage and thermal storage. Let us de-risk your production using our license. Our aqueous flow battery is less cost than Tesla Megapack and available faster. Redox flow battery. No membrane needed like with Vanadium, or Bromine. Salgenx flow battery
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)