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Fe-Cr RFB cell. We observe a marked reduction in HER activity of the purified electrolyte through cyclic voltammograms. Next, we show that the purification process facilitates a notably reduced fade rate (ca. 5× slower) in long-term galvanostatic cycling of an Fe-Cr RFB cell, and that the effectiveness of the protocol is dependent on the relative amount of electrolyte purified. Finally, we extract performance metrics (i.e., coulombic, voltaic, and energy efficiencies along with capacity decay rate) of other cycled Fe-Cr RFBs reported in the peer-reviewed literature, illuminating a correlation between coulombic efficiency and capacity decay rate. Following this trend, the performance of our cell using purified electrolyte is comparable to the performance of cells utilizing expensive catalysts and additives, thus evincing a potential cost reduction pathway as compared to other contemporary approaches. Figure V-1 - Schema of electrolyte purification and cycling procedures. In Step 1, pristine 0% SOC electrolyte (1 M Fe2+ and 1 M Cr3+ in 3 M HCl, where, in each tank, the non-italicized species denote those that are intended to be redox active and the italicized species represent spectator or impurity species) is discharged at 100 mA cm–2 until a 1.5 V cutoff to plate out impurities present in the negative electrolyte onto the negative electrode; the sacrificial electrodes are then replaced. In Step 2, the cell is cycled with the purified electrolyte (discharging first) at 50 mA cm–2 using 0.8 V and 1.2 V cutoffs for discharge and charge, respectively. 91PDF Image | Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid
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