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Figure V-4 – Decay rate of initial discharge capacity as a function of average coulombic efficiency. Unpurified electrolyte (red triangle) and purified electrolyte (blue triangle) from this work are shown amid other performance metrics reported in the Fe-Cr RFB literature. The gray dotted trendline is the ordinary least squares fit of the data excluding the unpurified electrolyte and the outlier from Zhang et al. (2020) [232]. We hypothesized that DR may be associated with CE, as CE is an indicator of unmatched capacity across subsequent discharge and charge half cycles and we anticipate an important contributor to the DR is HER. The statistical significance of the association between CE and DR was confirmed using the Kendall rank correlation analysis between seven variables (electrode thickness, geometric area, current density rate, CE, VE, EE, and DR); the results are shown in in Figure S1, and further details on the statistical basis of the Kendall analysis can be found in the Supporting Information of this work (Appendix A). We note that the presence of soluble mediators can also contribute to the H2 generation in Fe-Cr RFBs (i.e., charge-transfer in solution) [234], although determining the extent and identity of these exchanges is beyond the scope of the present analysis and work. We explore the relationship between DR and CE in Figure V-4 plotting data harvested from the Fe-Cr RFB literature and our own results for the purified and unpurified electrolytes. Despite the range of applied current densities and HER mitigation strategies, we observe a linear negative trend between DR and CE, whereby higher CE is generally correlates to lower DR. We note the existence of two points considered to be outliers; a cell from our own reported unpurified 102PDF Image | Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid
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