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perhaps) to areal costs between 50 and 300 $/m2, as higher-performing membranes would be more expensive to produce (Figure VIII-2). These membranes will possess varying active species diffusivities, say between 1e-11 and 1e-13 m2/s. Figure VIII-2 - Area-specific-resistance (ASR) of the cell (left y-axis, solid line) and estimated membrane cost (right y-axis, dashed line) as a function of membrane conductivity (at a fixed membrane thickness of 100 microns. So, we vary diffusivity and conductivity separately and derive ASR and membrane cost as a function of conductivity as shown in Figure VIII-2 above. These variables affect the battery’s energy capacity at the equilibrium level (which we then size the system to), as well as the electrolyte and power costs. This gives us a map of capital costs as a function of these variables, shown below as Figure VIII-3. We see the consideration of these effects have important consequences on the capital cost, which ranges from 250 – 800 $/kWh (at a 5.25 h duration). 118PDF Image | Bringing Redox Flow Batteries to the Grid
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