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6 Using Individual Carbon Fiber Electrodes to Quantify Effects of Thermal Activation The untreated felts of both charges had a similar πΆπ·πΏ of 40 mF g-1, however the πΆπ·πΏ of charge B reached 266-300 mF g-1 at the highest treatment temperature of 575 oC. Meanwhile the πΆπ·πΏ of charge A increased steadily reaching only 151 -277 mF g-1 at 575 oC. The area density of the felts was subsequently reported as 0.45 g m-2 for charge A and 0.51 g m-2 for charge B [207]. Therefore the specific capacitance, ππ·πΏ for charge A, after treatment at 575 oC was 33.6 β 61.6 ΞΌF cm-2 and 52.2 β 64.7 ΞΌF cm-2 for charge B. The results indicate that the thermal treatment increased the ratio of edge to basal plane sites of the two felt samples, as stated in subsequent analysis by the same authors [207]. When activation has been shown to improve the performance of the graphite felt electrodes, there is an ongoing discussion about the mechanism by which these improvements have occurred. Numerous papers identified the presence of oxygen functional groups as the source of improved kinetic performance [109, 169, 197, 201], whilst others have suggested that the increase in performance is largely due to increases in felt electrochemically active surface area. The electrochemically active surface area can be increased with greater surface roughness or improved wettability [177, 208, 209]. Improved wettability has been shown to occur as a result of the polar oxygen groups that are added to the surface during thermal and acid treatments. In both cases the improvement in felt performance is attributed to the oxygen groups added to the surface, but the distinction between increased electrochemically active surface area and electrochemically active functional groups is important for designing the most effective treatment procedures. 73PDF Image | Electron Transfer Kinetics in Redox Flow Batteries
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