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8 Half β cell performance of Carbon Felt Samples Introduction There appears to be two prevailing methods in literature for testing the performance of VRFB cells; polarization curves and charge / discharge cycling [221]. Both methods provide useful data, but also face significant experimental challenges that must be considered. Polarization Curve Measurements The main performance indicator that can be extracted from polarization curve data is the overpotential to achieve a set current density, thus better performing cells will have lower overpotentials over a range of current densities. Additionally, the peak power density can be found, which occurs at a compromise between current density and cell potential. Methods Used Polarization curves are typically recorded by measuring the charging or discharging current at a range of current densities, with the potential for each current density taken from the average of a short test, typically 30 s. The SOC of the electrolyte used is typically 100% or 50% and can be maintained by either using a single pass of electrolyte [73]. Holding a constant SOC removes the influence of changes to the standard reduction potential from changes in the electrolyte concentration, following the relationship outlined by the Nernst equation: πΈ = πΈ0 β π π ππ ([π ] ) (8.1) ππΉ [π] Where E is the reduction potential of the redox couple in the half cell at a given point in time, πΈ0 is the standard reduction potential of the redox couple, π is the standard gas constant, π is the temperature of the cell, π is the number of moles of electrons transferred per mole of species, πΉ is Farradayβs constant, [π ] is the concentration of the reduced species in the bulk, [π] is the concentration of the oxidised species in the bulk. 108PDF Image | Electron Transfer Kinetics in Redox Flow Batteries
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