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8 Half – cell performance of Carbon Felt Samples Experimental In this work measurements for the positive electrolyte were carried out using a half-cell, where the working electrode felt samples (3.14 cm2 cross-sectional area) were separated from a supporting electrolyte chamber by a Nafion N1110 membrane. The positive electrode potential was recorded relative to a saturated KCl Ag|AgCl reference electrode, with a large graphite plate used as the counter electrode, (Figure 8.1). Polarization curve and charge / discharge measurements were recorded for GFE, C100 and G100 untreated and thermally treated felts, to calculate the apparent rate constant and half-cell efficiency. Figure 8.1: Custom half-cell design enabling analysis of single redox couples at 50% SOC. Half-cell polarization measurements were used to identify the kinetic performance of different felts and isolate the onset of mass transport resistance. Using an electrolyte at 100% SOC would only allow for the measurement of the reduction reaction, thus not fully characterizing the system. Hence, polarization curve measurements were recorded at 50% SOC for the positive electrolyte. The electrolyte was prepared by dissolving 0.4 M VOSO4 (Alfa Aesar) and 0.2 M V2O5 (Alfa Aesar) in 3 M H2SO4, to give a solution at 50% SOC with 0.4 M VO2+ and 0.4 M VO2+. The counter chamber contained the same solution as the working side to minimise cross- over of vanadium ions. Different current densities ranging from 5 to 500 mA cm-2 were applied using a Gamry 3000 potentiostat, with the average potential reported over last 25 s of each 30 s step. The first 5 s were ignored to limit the contribution of capacitance. 115PDF Image | Electron Transfer Kinetics in Redox Flow Batteries
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