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Research Article J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol., 2021, 12(3), 330-338 Energy Efficiency Improvement of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery by Integrating Electrode and Bipolar Plate Min-Young Kim1,3, Byeong-Su Kang2, Sang-Jun Park2, Jinsub Lim1, Youngsun Hong2, Jong-Hun Han3, and Ho-Sung Kim2* Korea Institute of Industrial technology (KITECH), 6, Cheomdan-gwagiro 208-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61012, Korea Korea Institute of Industrial technology (KITECH),102, Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea ABSTRACT An integral electrode-bipolar plate assembly, which is composed of electrode, conductive adhesive film (CAF) and bipolar plate, has been developed and evaluated for application with a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) to decrease contact resistance between electrode and bipolar plate. The CAF, made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl-acetate) material with carbon black or CNT (Carbon Nano Tube), is applied between the electrode and the bipolar plate to enable an integral assembly by adhe- sion. In order to evaluate the integral assembly of VRB by adhesive film, the resistivity of integral assembly and the per- formance of single cell were investigated. Thus, it was verified that the integral assembly is applicable to redox flow battery. Through resistance and contact resistance of bare EVA and CAF films on bipolar plate were changed. Among the adhesive films, CAF film coated with carbon black showed the lowest value in through resistance, and CAF film coated with CNT showed the lowest value in contact resistance, respectively. The efficiency of VRB single cell was improved by applying CAF films coated with carbon black and CNT, resulting in the reduced overvoltage in charging process. Therefore, the energy efficiency of both CAF films, about 84%, were improved than that of blank cell, about 79.5 % under current density at 40 mA cm . The energy efficiency of the two cells were similar, but carbon black coated CAF improved the coulomb efficiency and CNT coated CAF improved the voltage efficiency, respectively. Keywords : Redox Flow Battery, Electrode, Bipolar Plate, Conductive Adhesive Film, Contact Resistance, Through Resistance, Energy Efficiency Received : 4 January 2021, Accepted : 15 February 2021 1. Introduction Redox flow battery is suitable for a large energy storage device in connection with renewable energy, and various redox flow battery systems are config- ured according to the type of electrolyte such as iron/ chromium, bromine/polysulphide, vanadium/bro- mine, zinc/bromine, zinc/cerium, and vanadium redox couples [1-3]. Among the electrolyte candi- dates, the vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) has been close to commercialization with excellent per- formance. Fig. 1 shows a typical VRB single cell *E-mail address: hosung42@kitech.re.kr DOI: https://doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2021.00017 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. structure, in which the bipolar plate and the electrode are assembled with the mechanical pressure around the separator. In here, the redox reactions of vana- dium electrolyte, V(IV)/V(V) and V(II)/V(III), are occurred at the positive and the negative electrode, respectively [4-5]. In here, when the mechanical pressure is decreased by physical factor such as vibration and electrochemical factor such as corro- sion and decomposition during operation, large inter- nal resistance which leads to degraded performance of the VRB will be originated at the interface between the electrode, the bipolar plate, and separa- tor. Also, VRB performance is greatly affected by the bulk resistance of the electrode and bipolar plate, and the contact resistance between them. Therefore, elec- trode and bipolar plate are the key components in VRB systems. Generally, the graphitic types of bipo- lar plate and electrode were mainly used for vana- − 330 − 2- 3 2 1PDF Image | Energy Efficiency Improvement of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
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