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renewables penetration and reflect the complete value long-duration storage brings. Flexible long-duration energy storage technology can help balance the grid and deliver significant benefits to Australia’s energy market while fitting within the medium- to long-term electricity opportunities identified in the discussion paper. One of many promising long-duration technologies is grid scale, low-cost flowbattery technology. Australia has access to an abundant supply of renewable energy. This, coupled with falling generation costs, presents Australia with a significant competitive advantage. Priority should be placed on technologies that can leverage this competitive advantage and improve the reliability and affordability of energy supply. B. PRIORITY TECHNOLOGIES FOR ACHIEVING SCALE THROUGH TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS Lockheed Martin believes the Australian federal government should prioritize investment in flexible long-duration energy storage technologies that target durations from six to 12+ hours. Long-duration energy storage, such as redox flow batteries, can enable increased levels of renewable energy generation and support a stable transition of Australia’s electricity grid over the medium- to long-term. The Technology Investment Roadmap discussion paper recognizes the significant government investment-to- date in driving down the costs of storage technologies such as large-scale batteries and pumped hydro, which will realise benefits beyond 2030. The investments- to-date have focused on two different technologies, Lithium-Ion and Pumped Hydro. • Lithium-ion (Li-ion) is today’s most rapidly growing battery technology; however, it is challenged by significant capacity degradation in high-cycling environments, as well as safety issues. Li-ion batteries have a fixed power-to-energy ratio, so long-duration applications become expensive since batteries are effectively oversized at project outset. The combination of oversized batteries and high degradation, eventually requiring augmentation of the oversized battery, means the Li-ion value proposition breaks down for long-duration, high- cycling projects. We believe Li-ion batteries are best suited for applications of four hours or less. • Pumped hydro projects are long duration, typically six to 20+ hours. Owing to the technology’s sheer scale and complexity, pumped hydro stations are capital RENDERING: 10 MWAC, 100 MWh GridStar Flow installation consisting of five 2 MWAC ESUs coupled together intensive, particularly since durations of a few hours are simply not economical. Other limitations are the geographical requirements and the risks associated with siting, permitting and construction. Unlike Li-ion or redox flow batteries, Pumped Hydro typically cannot function as a Non-Wires Alternative in urban and suburban areas. Redox flow batteries are a long-duration storage technology that can fill the gap left by the limitations of other storage technologies, like Li-ion and pumped hydro, by offering several critical advantages: • Separation of power and energy enables the owner to tailor the battery to each project’s needs • Low marginal cost of energy capacity, enabling cost-effective durations of six to 12+ hours • Low degradation under high cycling • 20-year system design life Because redox flow batteries offer unique advantages, we recommend that they become an investment priority for the Australian federal government. Currently, redox flow batteries are undergoing significant research and development. It is critical to invest in this technology now to meet the challenges faced by the evolving grid and deliver benefits in the medium- to long-term. Lockheed Martin is commercializing a new flow battery technology – GridStar® Flow. GridStar Flow is a patented technology based on the principles of coordination chemistry, offering a new electrochemistry consisting of engineered electrolytes. The electrochemical properties of the electrolytes have been designed to optimize battery performance at a competitive TCO and offer many unique properties, including:PDF Image | Long-Duration Energy Storage and Redox Flow Batteries
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Salgenx Redox Flow Battery Technology: Salt water flow battery technology with low cost and great energy density that can be used for power storage and thermal storage. Let us de-risk your production using our license. Our aqueous flow battery is less cost than Tesla Megapack and available faster. Redox flow battery. No membrane needed like with Vanadium, or Bromine. Salgenx flow battery
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