Model-based Design Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

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Model-based Design Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries ( model-based-design-vanadium-redox-flow-batteries )

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Section 2.10  Concentration overpotential the electrode surface”. The authors of Ref. [30] state that “Concentration overpotential ... is created by the concentration gradient between the bulk electrolyte solution and the electrode surface ...”. So, in both cases, the term electrode surface is used, which may not be mistaken by the electrode area. Nevertheless, when the concentration overpotential is modeled as mentioned above in lumped-parameter models, the cell current density, iC, is typically used as the current density in the concentration overpotential model. However, an arbitrary electrode with an area of 2000 cm2 and a thickness of 4 mm has an electrode surface of 12.96 m2, if we assume the smallest specific surface area for a graphite felt electrode from Table 2-1 on page 38, which is 1.62·104 m-1. Hence, the geometrical electrode area and the electrode surface and thus the macroscopic current density jC and the microscopic current density jDL deviate by a factor of 65. Two sample cycles are simulated with the 2000-cm2 cell to illustrate the issue. The first cycle is carried out between SoC 20 % and 80 %, the second cycle is carried out between cell voltage limits of 1.1 V and 1.7 V. For both cycles, a macroscopic current density of 75 mAcm-2 and a flow rate of 1.5 Lmin-1 is applied. Figure 2-15: Sample cycle between tank SoC 20 % and 80 % for the illustration of the difference between the electrode area and the electrode surface regarding the computation of the concentration overpotential Voltage in V Voltage in V SoC in % 46

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