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Section 2.11 Total cell voltage Most likely, the effective area of the diffusion layer is in between the electrode area and the total electrode surface. In this work, experimental results from three flow battery manufacturers, are used to identify the correct area for the calculation of jDL, as shown in Chapter 4 starting on page 65. 2.11 Total cell voltage The externally measurable cell voltage is the sum of cell OCV, concentration over- potential, and ohmic voltage drop, as shown in the Eqs. (2-76) and (2-77) and in Figure 2-17. For the charging process: EC EOCVC ECOPcharging ECOPcharging ICRC=EC' ICRC (2-76) For the discharging process: EC EOCVC ECOPdischarging ECOPdischarging ICRC=EC' ICRC (2-77) The overpotentials have different signs for the charging and discharging process. In this work, the sign definition is identical to the sign definition of the electric current. During the charging process, current and overpotentials are denoted positively. During the discharging process, they are counted negatively. In the case of the ohmic overpotential, the sign of the electric current defines the sign of the overpotential, because the ohmic resistance is always positive. The value of the concentration overpotential calculated by the Eqs. (2-61) to (2-64) however is always positive. Hence, a negative sign has to be inserted for the discharging process. a) Charging process ECOPcharging+ ECOPcharging− EOCVC b) Discharging process RC IC>0 ECOPdischarging+ ECOPdischarging− RC IC<0 EC′ EC EC Figure 2-17: Equivalent electric circuit of a single cell used in this work EOCVC EC′ 48PDF Image | Model-based Design Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
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