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Section 7.1 System design of the three-stack string system Chapter 7 Evaluation of the cell designs in a three-stack system Evaluation of the cell designs in a three-stack system 7.1 System design of the three-stack string system Using the twenty-four cell designs from Section 5.3 on page 81, 40-cell stacks are modeled. Three stacks are connected in series electrically to boost the battery voltage. The electric series connection of stacks is called a string. The three stacks are assumed to be placed vertically stacked in a rack. Common circuitry is carried out using a pipe diameter which is 50 % larger than the manifold diameter of the particular cell design. The pipe length from tank to rack is estimated to be 3 m. In terms of orifices, tank outlet (kL=0.42), three 90°-bends (kL=0.3, each) and sensors (kL=2) are considered in the piping section from the tank to the first stack. k=0.31 d, l=1m Stack 3 k=0.13 k=0.3 k=0.3 1.5d, l=1m Legend: Pipe Tube Sensor, 3x 90°-bends and tank outlet 3x 90°-bends and tank inlet T-junction: Main/ branch direction Sudden contraction/ Sudden enlargement Pipe↔Tube 90°-bend k=0.1 k=0.1 k=0.31 k=1 d, l=1m k=0.13 k=1 k=0.1 k=0.1 1.5d, l=1m k=0.1 k=0.1 k=0.31 k=1 d, l=1m k=0.13 k=1 k=0.1 k=0.1 1.5d, l=3m k=3.32 k=1.9 Stack 2 Stack 1 Negative tank Figure 7-1: Piping plan of the generic three-stack VRFB system 105PDF Image | Model-based Design Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
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