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80 60 40 20 0 -203 65 64 63 61 62 60 59 58 573 15 10 5 0 16 8 4 0 14 25 36 25 36 47 56 Time in hours 47 56 Amjed Hina Fathima et al. / Energy Procedia 117 (2017) 607–614 613 Fathima AH and Palanisamy K/ Energy Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 7 14 Fig.5. VRB simulation results (a) VRB Current (b) VRB voltage 18 18 18.3 18.6 18.9 19.2 18.3 18.6 18.9 19.2 Time in hrs Fig.6. PV and VRB discharge current at decreasing irradiation The PV-VRB system is then tested for operation to manage the intermittencies in irradiation on cloudy days. A varying irradiance condition is considered by simulating a decrease from 1000 W/m2 to 0 W/m2 in evening hours. Fig.6. shows the behavior of the PV and the VRB currents accordingly. It is clear that as irradiation decreases solar current also decreases and the VRB battery starts to discharge power to maintain constant power to the load. This proves that VRB battery modeled as proposed in this study functions as a requirement to balance the load under varying irradiations and helps in improving the reliability of the power system. 5. Conclusion This paper elaborates the modeling, integration and operation of a PV-VRB battery system where the VRB battery charges during day time and discharges after sunset to power the load. The VRB system is modeled considering the evaluation of stack voltages, parasitic resistances, and state of charge of the battery. The solar power system is modeled using solar cells built as arrays in Simulink environment. The VRB battery model also includes a charge controller which prevents over charging or discharging of the battery storage to ensure its safe operation. VRB Discharge Current PV Current Volta VRB ge VRB CurrentPDF Image | Operation of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery for PV
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