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Chapter 2 DESIGN AND FABRICATION In the design of a lab-scale, all-vanadium flow battery parameters included the volume of electrolytes, cell active area, and material selection for cell components. Constraints were imposed by available equipment and allowable expenditures. 2.1 Cell Design A flow battery consists of several material layers and is similar in construction to a fuel cell. The cell fabricated for this project was modeled after the description provided by Davies and Tummino (2018) and consists of 11 layers of material [2]. From the outside of the symmetrical cell to the center, the layers are as follows: • Aluminum end plate (x2) • PTFE insulating sheet (x2) • Copper current collector (x2) • Graphite flow frame (x2) • Porous carbon electrode/PTFE-gasket (x2) • Nafion membrane (x1) Each graphite flow frame is a block with two elbow channels. The electrolyte enters the graphite flow frame from the side of the cell and flows through the porous electrode (figure 2.1). The porous electrode is compressed between the graphite block and a nafion membrane. A PTFE gasket between the flow frame and membrane sur- rounds the electrode and prevents leaking. After flowing through the electrode, the electrolyte exits the cell by flowing through an exit channel in the graphite block. Gas- kets of various thicknesses can be produced to control compression of a given electrode. 7PDF Image | PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A REDOX FLOW BATTERY
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