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3.3.2 Flow Rate The flow rate through each half cell was varied between 5 and 25 mL/min. Polarization curves and corresponding power curves are shown in Figure 3.7 and 3.8 respectively. Greater mass transport greatly reduced losses at high current densities. Between 5 and 15 mL/min, the maximum power density increased by 150%. However, due to sufficient ohmic losses, the maximum power density did not improve at flow rates above 15 mL/min. Because the electrolytes are depleted as they flow through the cell, a state of charge gradient exists across the electrodes. At higher current draws, this gradient is steeper and leads to nonlinearity in the cell’s polarization. Increasing the flow rate counteracts this loss by supplying the electrode with more charged ions per unit time. However, a cell without mass transport losses is still limited by ohmic losses. If losses are purely ohmic (linear), the maximum power will occur at half the limiting current (current corresponding to zero voltage). Therefore, there is no benefit to extending linearity beyond half of this limiting current. Figure 3.7: Flow rate effect on polarization (E0 = 1.41 V). 18PDF Image | PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A REDOX FLOW BATTERY
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