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1 Scope of the Thesis Along this Thesis dissertation book, which is focused on the topic of Redox Flow Batteries, many efforts have been done in order to improve different aspects of the all-Vanadium Redox Flow batteries (VRFBs) technology, as monitoring each battery compartment, increasing operational temperature range, enhancing negative electrode to reduce side reactions and charge transfer towards V3+/V2+ redox reaction and also modifying positive electrode to obtain a faster VO2+/VO2+ redox reaction. Vanadium technology was chosen over all redox flow technologies due to its mature development reaching the barrier to commercial breakthrough. The main targeted aspects about VRFBs have been: Reference electrode implementation into a single cell device (battery) to study separately anolyte and catholyte in real working conditions. This set- up allows following the contribution of each one of the electrodes separately, and consequently knowing the limiting factor in the battery, in order to improve them. Electrolyte modifications with catalytic quantities of an additive allowing a larger vanadium ion concentration being able to be solved into the electrolyte, as well as increase the operational temperature window. These improvements are done in order to increase the energy density of the system, and also allow the battery to work in a wider temperature range to adapt this system to broader climate areas without temperature control. Electrodes enhancement: Initially, we will focus our attention into electrode modifications to enhance their electrochemical properties. Firstly, increasing functional groups on the electrode’s surface, this makes them more electroactive towards vanadium redox reactions. Secondly, different catalysts are deposited to obtain faster vanadium redox reactions on a carbon-based structure (as graphite felt or carbon felt). o Anode, main lacks are large ohmic overpotential due to competing side reaction. It has been done an exhaust study of different structures of the same material, as it is nanoparticles (NPs), single- nanorods (SNRs) and multi-nanorods assembly (MNRs). Graphite and/or carbon felt enhancement using the synthesis of different catalyst (TiO2, TiO2:H, TiO2:N, O and N groups) which help not only to make the negative redox reaction (V3+/V2+) faster and reduce the voltage drop, but also avoid 12PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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