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0 -100 CF -200 CF@N900 j / mA/cm2 -300 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 CF@TiO2 CF@TiO2 N500 CF@TiO2 N900 0.0 0.3 0.6 E vs. SHE / V Figure 6.30 – Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of carbon felt, CF@TiO2 and CF@TiO2 N500 and N900 electrodes using a 1M sulphuric media at 2 mV s-1, with potential window of 0.6 to -1 V vs. SHE. 6.1.3.2 Single cell performance Finally, in order to assess the performance of the modified electrodes in a single cell, the carbon felt electrode incorporated with the nitrided titanium dioxide catalyst is used as the negative electrode in all-vanadium redox flow battery, while for all the experiments treated carbon felt (CF-HT) was used as positive electrode. Figure 6.31 shows several battery cycles at different current densities, from 25 to 150 mA cm-2, in order to observe the effect on the capacity. It can be said that our carbon felt capacity drops dramatically from 12.6 Ah L-1 at 25 mA cm-2 current density to 3.3 Ah L-1 at 100 mA cm-2. However, it recovers at least partially its capacity when it is returned to the initial current density applied (10.9 Ah L-1). On the contrary, the nitrided TiO2 electrode retains the majority of their charge capacity from 13.1 and 13.6 Ah L-1 at 25 mA cm-2 to 9.8 and 10.1 Ah L-1 at 150 mA cm-2. This outstanding performance is a consequence of the synergetic catalytic effect of the oxygen and nitrogen sites on the carbon nitrided CF@TiO2 over the adsorption, redox reaction and later desorption of V2+/V3+ redox pair 203,225. 122PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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