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Figure 7.2 –. Schematic overview of selected organic/inorganic active materials and their redox potentials240; recalculated to a SHE reference if measured against another reference electrode. Conversion factors: SHE to AgCl/Ag=+0.197 V, SHE to SCE=+0.241 V, SHE=Fc+/Fc=+0.750 V252; NHE: normal hydrogen electrode, SCE: standard calomel electrode, Fc: ferrocene247,249,261,253–260. 7.3 Quinones as electroactive molecules In case of quinones as active material possess a charge capacity in the range of 200–490 Ah/kg, and cost about $5–10/kg or $10–20/kWh, leaving ample scope for achieving the US Department of Energy’s target of $100/kWh for the entire battery system. As a consequence of the successful perspective of quinones, they could work as organic redox-active material, especially anthraquinones, working as anode material262. In a preliminary study, conducting cyclic voltammetry measurements to investigate the electrochemical properties of anthraquinone in buffered and unbuffered aqueous solution at different pH values were done263. In these studies, quinoidic structures revealed promising properties for charge-storage applications in flow batteries. The solubility could be ensured by suitable substituent, and the redox potential can be adjusted in the same manner. An alkaline quinone flow battery by using commercially available 2,6- dihydroxyantraquinone (2,6-DHAQ, Figure 7.3) and ferrocyanide/ferricyanide 264. This system represents an improvement over the organic/halogen aqueous RFB 2Error! Reference source not found.. The ferricyanide/ferricyanide replaced the angerous Br2/2Br- redox couple. In contrast to this, ferricyanide/ferricyanide has a low toxicity and is non-volatile. The authors claimed on the basis of these characteristics that the reported RFB can be used as a cost-efficient, nontoxic, nonflammable, and sage energy-storage system. However, the strongly alkaline electrolyte is also highly corrosive (pH 14; 1M KOH). 152PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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