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MeSO3H 3M <0.4 M KOH 3M 2M DMSO 5M 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (-) 1,8-dichloroanthraquinone (-) 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone (-) Sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (-) 2,4-dihydroxybenzoquinone (+) Tiron (+) MeCN Na2SO4 H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO H2SO4 3M MeSO3H 3M KOH 3M DMSO <0.35M < 0.3 M <0.18M <0.18M <0.20M 0.18 M <0.05M <0.06M <0.09M 0.1 M <0.05M <0.05M <0.05M 0.12 M <0.09M <0.11M <0.09M 0.8 M <0.09M <0.85M 0.4 M 0.95 M 0.58 M 0.57 M > 1 M 0.78 M Thus, the redox reaction for o-benzoquinone and its standard potential is shown in Figure 7.7a. However, when it was done cyclic voltammetry experiments in acidic conditions, using sulfuric acid or methanosulfonic at 1 mV/s (Figure 7.7b), it is clear a larger oxidation process compare to the reduction. It is an evidence of the low reversibility of this redox process, which can be confirmed with the reduction/oxidation ratio, in Table 7.3, for both acids is below 0.3. Moreover, PEIS measurements (Figure 7.7c) show a slightly lower charge transfer for the case of sulfuric acid as solvent compare to methanosulfonic acid, but the amount of charge related to oxidation and reduction is larger in case of methanosulfonic with a better ratio reduction/oxidation value and higher solubility. Finally, in spite of the potential difference between oxidation and reduction processes the value when using H2SO4 is narrower in 112 mV, our initial focus as solvent will be MeSO3H due to the excellent solubility of the orto- form as cathode material and higher solubility of the para- form as well. 159PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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