Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones

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Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones ( redox-flow-batteries-vanadium-earth-quinones )

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a) 80 40 0 -40 -80 CF-rGO/Q b) CF-N 0,0 c) 80 40 0 -40 -80 0,0 0,9 1,2 1,5 0,4 0,8 Ewe vs. NHE / V 1,2 1,6 20 mV/s 15 mV/s 10 mV/s 5 mV/s 1 mV/s 0,3 0,6 80 40 0 -40 -80 0,0 0,12 0,08 0,04 0,00 20 mV/s 15 mV/s 10 mV/s 5 mV/s 1 mV/s Ewe vs. NHE / V CF-HT 20 mV/s 15 mV/s 10 mV/s 5 mV/s 1 mV/s d) Randles-Sevcik I / mA I / mA I/A I / mA 0,4 0,8 Ewe vs. NHE / V 1,2 1,6 0,010 v1/2 (V/s)1/2 0,015 0,020 Figure 7.17.- Cyclic voltammetry of a 3 electrodes system with CF as counter electrode and Hg/Hg2SO4 as reference in a 0.05M Tiron 3 M MeSO3H solution run at different scan speed (20 to 1 mV/s). a) CF-HT. b) CF-rGO/Q. c) CF-N. d) Randles-Sevcik plot obtained from a) b) and c) which shows the increased mass transfer over the electrode as the slope increases. Hence, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy done at a constant potential of 0.63 V vs. NHE highlights the previous results. GF-HT electrode’s charge transfer resistance towards Tiron reaction decreases (Figure 7.18), as the nitrogen and oxygen content increases, especially C=O and oxygenated-N as XPS characterization suggests (Figure 7.13). The charge transfer resistance values increases, as the N/C and N/O ratio drops. The values follow (ohm): CF-HT (12.8) < CF-rGO/Q (25.1) < CF-N (27.9), as seen in Table 7.6. Table 7.6.- Charge transfer resistance and knee frequency values for the electrodes CF-HT, CF-N and CF-rGO/Q towards Tiron redox reaction. Electrode CF-HT CF-rGO/Q CF-N Rct / Ohm 12.8 25.1 27.9 fknee / Hz 0.22796 0.1 0.048 -0,04 -0,08 -0,12 0,000 CF-rGO/Q CF-HT CF-N 0,005 Ox1 Ox2 Red1 Red2 171

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