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and cross-over through the membrane of the o-benzoquinone while cycling, which also could be the main reason for the difference between the discharge capacities between the two configurations, from 44 mAh for p-benzoquinone to 15 for o- benzoquinone. Although the solubility may be increased with the solution composed by the orto-benzoquinone, it is needed to solve the lack of voltage efficiency (electrode-electrolyte conductivity) and irreversible side reactions happening to the organic active molecules, before this solved o-benzoquinone became really active. 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 10 mA/cm2 GFpristine CE/% VE/% EE/% 10 mA/cm2 E/V 0 5 10 15 20 25 Capacity / mAh cut off 0.5 V cut off 0.55 V cut off 0.6 V Figure 7.39.- a) Single cell charge-discharge plots of different cut off potentials (0.5, 0.55 and 0.6V) vs. capacity at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. b) CE, VE and EE for the different cut off potentials at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. 7.3.4.1.3 Sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3- disulfonate (+) vs. anthraquinone 2,7- Disulfonic acid disodium salt (-) Thirdly, the battery assembled, as shown in Figure 7.40, is initially composed of 0.4 M sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene -1,3-disulfonate (Tiron) on the positive side of the battery, which has a standard potential of 0.85 V vs. NHE, while 0.4M sodium 9,10- Anthraquinone-2,7-Disulfonate performing a standard potential of 0.15 V vs. NHE is used on the negative side. Both compounds have been solved in 3M methanosulfonic acid (MSA), as well as the previous cases. Analogously, the electrode used for both compartments is carbon felt. 0.5 V 0.55 V 0.6 V 87.4 56.4 49.3 53.8 37.6 20.3 47.8 27.6 13.2 195PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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