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10 mA/cm2 1.4 120 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 100 80 60 40 20 10 mL/min 50 mL/min 75 mL/min 100 mL/min 0.0 0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Capacity / mAh 100 80 60 40 20 0 25 50 75 100 flow speed / mL/min 100 80 60 40 20 1.4 cut off voltage / 50mL/min 00 0 20 40 60 80 100 cycle Figure 7.42. - a) Single cell charge-discharge plots for different flow speed (10, 50, 75 and 100 mL/min) vs. capacity at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. b) Bar chart of Efficiency vs. flow speed at a current density of 25 mA/cm2. c) Single cell Coulombic efficiency and capacity retention plot for 100 cycles for a cut off potential of 1.4 V and 50 mL/min of flow speed at a current density of 25 mA/cm2. Therefore, considering just electrochemical factors related to the different active molecules solved in the positive electrolyte. The best values are obtained for the p- benzoquinone molecule. Always working with sodium 9,10-anthraquinone-2,7- disulfonate as negative active electrolyte molecule as the one showing better electrochemical output. Although all this facts are true, more intensive research need to be done in single-cell configuration, as study deeply electrodes modifications to increase the active area in the interface electrode-electrolyte. It can enhance the voltage efficiency of the cell which is one of the main lacks of the system. Moreover, include new additives into the electrolyte to make it more conductive and also to avoid any gas evolution, cross-over and non reversible redox reaction taking place in the device. It should be always consider aqueous organic redox flow batteries as a new redox system with less than 5 years of development comparatively to VRFBs, which origins are place in 1980s more than 30 years ago. In this matter there is still room to improve this technology, which has a limitless potential to exploit yet. 198 Capacity Retention / % Coulombic Efficiency / % E/V Efficiency / %PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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