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Study of redox flow battery systems for residential applications 1.80 1.75 1.70 1.65 1.60 1.55 1.50 1.45 1.40 1.35 1.30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930 Cycle no Charge - Negative tank Discharge - Negative tank Charge - Positive tank Discharge - Positive tank Figure 5.8 - Total vanadium concentration of negative side and positive side electrolytes after VisBlue 8 charging and discharging steps at cycles 1, 2, 6 and 30 – lines were added for readability. Figure 5.8 shows that vanadium concentration after first charging step on both tanks was not equal. Figure D.6 in Appendix D.4 shows that the negative tank volume slightly increased at the end of first charging step. Thus, the concentration increase during the first cycle is related to vanadium ion transport through the membrane by mechanisms such as diffusion, convection and migration. For latter cycles, vanadium concentration on negative tank decreased with the cycle number while the vanadium concentration on positive tank increased. This demonstrates that, since the volumetric crossover is from the negative tank to the positive tank, vanadium ions are crossing in the same direction as water. From cycle 1 to cycle 30 it was observed a positive vanadium concentration variation of 16.9 % and a positive mole number variation of vanadium ions of 31.5 % in the positive tank. The vanadium concentration increase was lower than expected since water also permeated to the positive tank diluting the vanadium concentration; the vanadium ions crossover had a contribution of 52.3 % to the observed concentration increase in the positive tank. To determine which step was responsible for net volumetric crossover, the total vanadium concentration after the charging step was subtracted from the total vanadium concentration at the end of discharging step for each tank, after each cycle. It was observed that the vanadium concentration on the positive and negative tanks increased during charging and discharging steps, respectively. As a result, this observation indicates that the main reason for volume changes is either vanadium ions crossing from the negative tank to the positive tank Chapter 5: Results and discussion 35 Vanadium concentration (M)PDF Image | Tubular Vanadium Air Redox‐flow battery
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