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1 could be classified as light air, and they are typical conditions of wind in this region during 2 winter. 3 Taking into consideration the patterns obtained in the variation of wind speed, a 4 directly proportional current profile was calculated for being applied for the charge 5 process of the VRFB. To do this, it was considered the total energy required to achieve 6 the charge of the battery by applying a galvanostatic procedure at 250 mA (corresponding 7 to 6.25 mA cm-2). This value was 11.64 Ah in the first charge stage. From this target 8 value, it was obtained the current profile that is represented in Figure 3 and it is the 9 powering pattern that is going to be used in this work. In order to evaluate the performance 10 of the battery after successive charge and discharge cycles, three consecutive cycles (130 11 h in total) were applied both for the galvanostatic and for the wind charging procedures. 12 Discharge stages in both studies were carried out galvanostically, by applying a constant 13 value of current density in all cases of 6.25 mA cm-2. 14 The effect of the type of energy supply used for the charging step, was assessed on 15 a bench-scale VRFB, in which 200 mL of 2 M V3+/VO2+ in 3 M sulfuric acid was used at 16 constant volumetric flow rate of 20 mL/min and constant temperature 30 oC. In Figure 4 17 the variation in the voltage of the cell during the three consecutive charge / discharge 18 cycles in galvanostatic and wind charging are compared. In the same Figure, the variation 19 in the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the system is also shown. 20 Charge stages were maintained until an abrupt increase in the voltage of the cell 21 was observed, which corresponds to an OCV of 1.5 V. In the same way, at the end of the 22 discharge stages, an abrupt decrease in the cell voltage was observed, corresponding to 23 an OCV of 1.3 V, approximately. These OCV values are usually indicated in the literature 24 to establish the final charge and discharge states of the vanadium redox flow batteries [56, 25 58]. 8PDF Image | Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries for wind turbines
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