PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 003
Batteries 2022, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 19 Batteries 2022, 8, 6 proton intercalation increases interlayer distance to the point where water molecules can 3 of 18 be inserted in the interlayer space [24,33], leading to decomposition of the original P2-type crystal structure, and the cathode loses its capacity for reversible extraction and insertion of Na. There have been signs of a certain water exposure having a positive effect on the crystal structure, and the cathode loses its capacity for reversible extraction and insertion stability and rate capability of Na0.67MnO2 due to increased interlayer spacing [31]. How- of Na. There have been signs of a certain water exposure having a positive effect on ever, without any modifications, treating pristine Na0.67MnO2 in water or even just storing the stability and rate capability of Na MnO due to increased interlayer spacing [31]. 0.67 2 it in air leads to the significant worsening of electrochemical properties. Similar effects are However, without any modifications, treating pristine Na MnO in water or even just observed in polyanionic Na-ion cathodes. 0.67 2 storing it in air leads to the significant worsening of electrochemical properties. Similar Although aqueous electrode preparation shows promise in some areas, the described effects are observed in polyanionic Na-ion cathodes. challenges promote a search for alternative binders that are stable in contact with the ac- Although aqueous electrode preparation shows promise in some areas, the described tive materials, do not decompose in the voltage range of 2.0–4.3 V, and are soluble in non- challenges promote a search for alternative binders that are stable in contact with the aqueous solvents to assure the stability of the active material. Here, for the first time, we active materials, do not decompose in the voltage range of 2.0–4.3 V, and are soluble in demonstrate tetrabutylammonium (TBA) alginate, a TBA salt of alginic acid [34], as a suit- non-aqueous solvents to assure the stability of the active material. Here, for the first able alternative to PVDF and Na alginate. TBA alginate is soluble in water as well as di- time, we demonstrate tetrabutylammonium (TBA) alginate, a TBA salt of alginic acid [34], methyl sulfoxide (DMSO) [34], N,N-dimethylformamide [35], and other polar aprotic sol- as a suitable alternative to PVDF and Na alginate. TBA alginate is soluble in water as (004) (100) (102) (103) (104) (106) (110) (112) (114) (200) (108) (204) Intensity (a.u.) Intensity (a. u.) (002) 10 20 30 40 50 60 2q (°) (a) Figure 1. Cont. 1200 Na 2s Mn 3p C 1s 200 0 vents containing tetrabutylammonium fluoride [36], making it the only currently reported well as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) [34], N,N-dimethylformamide [35], and other polar aalgpirnoatitce stholavteinstsocluonbtlaeiiningonte-tarqaubueotyulsamsomlvoenitusm. Aflsusohroidwen[i3n6]t,hmisawkionrgk,itTtBhAe aolngliynacuter-can orpeenntlynreewpoortpepdoarltguiniattiesthfaotristhsoelunbolen-ianqnuoeno-uasquperoucsessoilnvgenotsf.SAIsBshcaotwhnodinetshliusrwrieosrka,nd TBA alginate can open new opportunities for the non-aqueous processing of SIB cath- demonstrates promising capacity and cyclability improvements over the PVDF-based ode slurries and demonstrates promising capacity and cyclability improvements over the electrodes. PVDF-based electrodes. 2. Results 2. Results 2.1. Morphology and Structure of Na0.67MnO2 2.1. Morphology and Structure of Na0.67MnO2 The Na-Mn molar ratio in the as-obtained material corresponds to Na0.66±0.02MnO2 ac- The Na-Mn molar ratio in the as-obtained material corresponds to Na0.66±0.02MnO2 cording to ICP-MS results. The synthesized powder is black and has the P2-type layered according to ICP-MS results. The synthesized powder is black and has the P2-type layered sstrtruucctture of Na0.67MnO2, asvveerirfiifeidedbybyx-rxa-yradyifdfriafcfrtiaocnti(oXnR(DX)RaDnd) ashnodwsnhoinwFnigiunreF1iga.uRrei- 1a. 0.67 2 Reitevtevledldanaanlyaslyissoisf othfethXeRXDRpDatpteartntecroncfiormnfsirtmhesctohrerecsoprornesdpeonncedteontcheethoetxhaeghonexalacgroynstaallclrayt-stal tice with P63/mmc space group (space group no. 193) as first observed by Paulsen et al. [16]. lattice with P63/mmc space group (space group no. 193) as first observed by Paulsen et al. The refined lattice parameters are a = 2.87217 Å and c = 11.11251 Å with no impurity peaks [16]. The refined lattice parameters are a = 2.87217 Å and c = 11.11251 Å with no impurity detected. R = 4.6% and R = 2.4% factors are reasonably small. wp B peaks detected. Rwp = 4.6% and RB = 2.4% factors are reasonably small. Obs Calc Obs-Calc Bragg Position 70 80 90 O KL1 O KL2 Mn LM1 1000 800 600 400 Binding Energy (eV) (b) Na 1s Mn LM3 Mn LM2 O 1s Mn 2p Mn 2p1 Na KL1 Mn 2sPDF Image | Na-Ion Batteries Tetrabutylammonium Alginate Binder
PDF Search Title:
Na-Ion Batteries Tetrabutylammonium Alginate BinderOriginal File Name Searched:
batteries-08-00006.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Salgenx Redox Flow Battery Technology: Salt water flow battery technology with low cost and great energy density that can be used for power storage and thermal storage. Let us de-risk your production using our license. Our aqueous flow battery is less cost than Tesla Megapack and available faster. Redox flow battery. No membrane needed like with Vanadium, or Bromine. Salgenx flow battery
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)