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ARTICLE Received 28 Aug 2012 | Accepted 10 Jan 2013 | Published 12 Feb 2013 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2513 A new class of Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries Liumin Suo1, Yong-Sheng Hu1, Hong Li1, Michel Armand1 & Liquan Chen1 Liquid electrolyte plays a key role in commercial lithium-ion batteries to allow conduction of lithium-ion between cathode and anode. Traditionally, taking into account the ionic con- ductivity, viscosity and dissolubility of lithium salt, the salt concentration in liquid electrolytes is typically less than 1.2 mol l 1. Here we show a new class of ‘Solvent-in-Salt’ electrolyte with ultrahigh salt concentration and high lithium-ion transference number (0.73), in which salt holds a dominant position in the lithium-ion transport system. It remarkably enhances cyclic and safety performance of next-generation high-energy rechargeable lithium batteries via an effective suppression of lithium dendrite growth and shape change in the metallic lithium anode. Moreover, when used in lithium–sulphur battery, the advantage of this electrolyte is further demonstrated that lithium polysulphide dissolution is inhibited, thus overcoming one of today’s most challenging technological hurdles, the ‘polysulphide shuttle phenomenon’. Consequently, a coulombic efficiency nearing 100% and long cycling stability are achieved. 1 Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Y.-S.H. (email: yshu@iphy.an.cn). NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 4:1481 | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2513 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 & 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.PDF Image | Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries
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