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Condens. Matter 2019, 4, 53 3 of 8 Condens. Matter 2019, 4, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 10 Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of sodiation /desodiation of 1T-MoS2 electrode; (b,c) SEM Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of sodiation /desodiation of 1T-MoS2 electrode; (b,c) SEM images of images of 1T-MoS2; (d) TEM image of 1T-MoS2; (e) HRTEM image of 1T-MoS2. 1T-MoS2; (d) TEM image of 1T-MoS2; (e) HRTEM image of 1T-MoS2. In-situ Raman spectroscopy in a specially designed cell with an optical window provides In-situ Raman spectroscopy in a specially designed cell with an optical window provides further further insight into intercalation mechanism of Na ion. Figure 2a shows the in-situ Raman spectra insight into intercalation mechanism of Na ion. Figure 2a shows the in-situ Raman spectra collected at collected at various cut-off potentials during the first discharge process. The two major peaks at various cut-off potentials during the first discharge process. The two major peaks at 150 cm−1 (J1) and 150 cm−1 (J1) and 220 cm−1 (J2) can be seen, which originate from the phononic modes of the metallic 220 cm−1 (J2) can be seen, which originate from the phononic modes of the metallic 1T-MoS2 [14–16]. 1T-MoS2 [14–16]. When discharging the cell from 2.5 V to 0.05 V, the J1 and J2 Raman peaks remain When discharging the cell from 2.5 V to 0.05 V, the J1 and J2 Raman peaks remain without the without the appearance of any other significant features, suggesting that the 1T-MoS2 structural appearance of any other significant features, suggesting that the 1T-MoS2 structural phase does not phase does not change. Figure 2b presents the Raman spectra during charging from 0.05 V to 3.0 V. change. Figure 2b presents the Raman spectra during charging from 0.05 V to 3.0 V. Again, the J1 Again, the J1 and J2 peaks are clearly seen, confirming the stability of the metallic 1T-MoS2 anode and J2 peaks are clearly seen, confirming the stability of the metallic 1T-MoS2 anode during charging. during charging. Beyond the robust presence of the J1 and J2 peaks, other weak peaks can be seen in Beyond the robust presence of the J1 and J2 peaks, other weak peaks can be seen in the Raman spectra the Raman spectra during charge/discharge in Figure 2. We believe that these spectral features are during charge/discharge in Figure 2. We believe that these spectral features are due to the electrolyte or due to the electrolyte or background, but further study is needed to determine their origin. The Condens. Matter 2019, 4, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 10 background, but further study is needed to determine their origin. The composition of the electrolyte composition of the electrolyte is 1M NaPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl is1MNaPF dissolvedinethylenecarbonate(EC)anddimethylcarbonate(DMC)(1:1vol/vol). carbonate6(DMC) (1:1 vol/vol). Figure22..InInsitsuitRuamRanmsapnectsrpaeocftrthaeo1fT-tMhoeS12Tel-eMctoroSd2eealtecdtirffoedrentavtodltiafgfersednutrivnogl(ta)gdeiscdhuargining and (b) charging processes. (a) discharging and (b) charging processes. Figure 3 displays the electrochemical performance of the 1T-MoS2 for Na ion storage. Due to its good electronic conductivity, 1T-MoS2 can be directly coated on the stainless-steel current collector to work as anode without conductive additive and binder. Figure 3a shows the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of 1T-MoS2 anode in initial three cycles at a scan rate of 0.1 mV∙s−1 between 0.01 and 3.0 V (vs. Na+/Na). The first cycle is clearly different from the second and third cycles due to thePDF Image | Understanding Phase Stability of Metallic 1T-MoS2 Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries
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