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THE ILLICIT CRYPTOCURRENCY MINING THREAT cyber actors have greatly increased their attempts to unlawfully use computing infrastructure to conduct mining operations. Illicit cryptocurrency mining, sometimes called “cryptojacking” by various parts of the cybersecurity industry and media, steals a victim’s computer processing power (and the electricity required to run the computers) to produce revenue that can be used for their criminal activity. These operations cost organizations time and money due to their impact on business operations, performance, and energy consumption. Most cases of illicit mining are relatively unsophisticated attacks that leverage spam email campaigns, phishing, readily available exploit kits, or direct exploitation.2 Many of the exploits used for illicit mining target known vulnerabilities where patches are readily available. These attacks are not expensive for the actor to conduct and scale quickly across large enterprises or multiple victims, leading to large numbers of victims each paying out a small amount of cryptocurrency on a per-infection basis. Over time, these economies of scale lead to large profits for the malicious actor. Illicit cryptocurrency mining operations have increased dramatically over the past year. Cryptocurrency mining malware grew from impacting 13 percent of all Fortinet customer companies in Q4 of 2017 to 28 percent of customer companies in Q1 of 2018, more than doubling its footprint3. In May 2018, Check Point’s Global Threat Index revealed that the CoinHive browser-based cryptocurrency miner was impacting 22 percent of their corporate customers, an increase of nearly 50 percent4. A June 2018 report released by Palo Alto Figure 3. Android Debuggers Service Cryptocurrency Miner Injection Campaign, courtesy of Rapid7. 1,200 800 400 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Source: Rapid7 Project Heisenberg & GreyNoise Networks identified roughly 470,000 unique binary- based samples that ultimately deliver cryptocurrency miners5, and McAfee’s June 2018 Threats Report noted a 629 percent increase in total coin mining malware in the first quarter of 2018 to more than 2.9 million samples.6 As a part of this continued expansion, malicious actors are increasingly targeting IoT devices, in addition to standard personal computers. Fortinet notes that media devices, such as smart TVs, cable boxes, and DVRs, are an increasing target of illicit mining power. 7 Symantec has analyzed a recent case of MikroTik routers in Brazil, and eventually worldwide, being exploited for illicit mining.8 Rapid7 has also noted an increase in illicit miners affecting Android devices, such as internet set-top boxes, starting in February 2018 (Figure 3).9 2 https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/01/malicious-xmr-mining.html 3 https://www.fortinet.com/blog/industry-trends/is-cryptojacking-replacing-ransomware-as-the-next-big-threat-.html 4 https://blog.checkpoint.com/2018/06/07/mays-wanted-malware/ 5 https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/06/unit42-rise-cryptocurrency-miners/ 6 https://www.mcafee.com/enterprise/en-us/assets/reports/rp-quarterly-threats-jun-2018.pdf 7 https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/threat-landscape-report--virtually-no-firm-is-immune-from-severe.html 8 https://www.symantec.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/hacked-mikrotik-router 9 https://www.rapid7.com/globalassets/_pdfs/research/rapid7-threat-report-2018-q2.pdf 6 Unique IPv4s/DayPDF Image | ILLICIT CRYPTOCURRENCY MINING THREAT
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