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Example 8-13. Re-targeting the Proof-of-Work difficulty - GetNextWorkRequired() in pow.cpp, line 43 // Go back by what we want to be 14 days worth of blocks const CBlockIndex* pindexFirst = pindexLast; for (int i = 0; pindexFirst && i < Params().Interval()-1; i++) pindexFirst = pindexFirst->pprev; assert(pindexFirst); // Limit adjustment step int64_t nActualTimespan = pindexLast->GetBlockTime() - pindexFirst->GetBlockTime(); LogPrintf(" nActualTimespan = %d before bounds\n", nActualTimespan); if (nActualTimespan < Params().TargetTimespan()/4) nActualTimespan = Params().TargetTimespan()/4; if (nActualTimespan > Params().TargetTimespan()*4) nActualTimespan = Params().TargetTimespan()*4; // Retarget uint256 bnNew; uint256 bnOld; bnNew.SetCompact(pindexLast->nBits); bnOld = bnNew; bnNew *= nActualTimespan; bnNew /= Params().TargetTimespan(); if (bnNew > Params().ProofOfWorkLimit()) bnNew = Params().ProofOfWorkLimit(); The parameters Interval (2016 blocks) and TargetTimespan (two weeks as 1,209,600 seconds) are defined in chainparams.cpp To avoid extreme volatility in the difficulty, the retargeting adjustment must be less than a factor of four (4) per cycle. If the required difficulty adjustment is greater than a factor of four, it will be adjusted by the maximum and not more. Any further adjustment will be accomplished in the next retargeting period as the imbalance will persist through the next 2016 blocks. Therefore, large discrepancies between hashing power and difficulty may take several 2016 block cycles to balance out. The difficulty of finding a bitcoin block is approximately 10 minutes of processing for the entire network, based on the time it took to find the previous 2016 blocks, adjusted every 2016 blocks. Note that the target difficulty is independent of the number of transactions or the value of transactions. This means that the amount of hashing power and therefore electricity expended to secure bitcoin is also entirely independent of the number of transactions. Bitcoin can scale up, achieve broader adoption and remain secure without any increase 200 | Chapter 8: Mining and ConsensusPDF Image | Mastering Bitcoin
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