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GREEN CHEMISTRY LETTERS AND REVIEWS 475 Figure 1. Different synthesis methods of nanoparticles. industry (14). In addition, green approaches are signifi- cantly attractive since they reduce the toxicity potential of the nanoparticles (15). The two main criteria of nanoparticle synthesis that should be taken into consideration are the choice of the reducing agent and capping agent (16). In general, the synthesis of nanoparticles through the green chemi- cal reduction method involves two essential steps (17): (1) The use of reducing agent: in this step, the electrons in the province from curcumin provide the reduction of the metal from Mx+ to M0, meaning that the trans- formation of the metallic species from its bulk com- position to its electric state. (2) The use of stabilizing agent: in this step, the formed nanoparticles are stabilized and protected from arbi- trary aggregation. This involves the presence of a repulsive force that controls the size and the shape of the nanoparticles. Based on different studies done, researchers have found that chemicals that are generated from plant extract are the greater chemical component used as a reducing agent (18,19). Indeed, curcumin is one of the greatest nontoxic components, extracted from turmeric Curcuma longa that is developed nowadays to be used as a reducing agent (20,21). It was isolated first by Vogel in1842. Figure 2. Synthesis of curcumin according to Pabon et al.PDF Image | Curcumin as a novel agent for metallic nanoparticles
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