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5 2 5 3 54 absence of turbidity and should be free from slgmficant dnft after a short warm-up penod The sensItivity of the mstrument should permit detectIOn of a turbidity difference of 0 02 umt or less m waters havmg turbidities less than 1 umt The mstrument should measure from 0 to 40 umts turbidity Several ranges will be necessary to obtam both adequate coverage and sufficient sensitivity for low turbidities The sample tubes to be used with the available mstrument must be of clear, colorless glass They should be kept scrupulously clean, both mSlde and out, and discarded when they become scratched or etched They must not be handled at all where the hght stnkes them, but should be provided with suffiCient extra length, or with a protective case, so that they may be handled Differences m physICal design of turbldlmeters wIll cause differences m measured values for turbidity even though the same suspensIOn IS used for cahbratlOn To mmlmlze such dlfferen~s,the followmg design cntena should be observed 5 4 1 Light source Tungsten lamp operated at a color temperature between 22QO-3000oK 5 4 2 Distance traversed by mCldent hght and scattered hght wlthm the sample tube Total not to exceed 10 cm 543 Detector Centered at 90° to the mCldent hght path and not to exceed ±30° from 90° The Detector, and filter system If used, shall have a spectral peak response between 400 and 600nm The Hach Turbidimeter, Model 2100 and 2100 A, IS m Wide use and has been found to be rehable, however, other mstruments meetmg the above deSign cntena are acceptable 5 5 6 Reagents 6.1 Turbidity-free water Pass distilled water through a 0 45u pore size membrane filter If such filtered water shows a lower turbidity than the distIlled water 62 Stock formazm turbidity suspenSIOn Solution 1 Dissolve 1 00 g hydrazme sulfate, (NH2)2-H2S04, m distilled water and dilute to 100 ml m a volumetnc flask Solution 2 DIssolve 10 00 g hexamethylenetetramme m dIstIlled water and dIlute to 100 ml m a volumetnc flask In a 100 ml volumetnc flask, mIX 5 0 ml SolutIOn 1 wIth 5 0 ml SolutIOn 2 Allow to stand 24hoursat25 ±3°C,thendIlutetothemarkandmIX 63 Standard formazm turbIdity suspension DIlute 10 00 ml stock turbIdIty suspensIOn to 100 ml with turbIdity-free water The turbIdIty of thIS suspensIOn IS defined as 40 umts DIlute portions of the standard turbIdIty suspensIOn wIth turbIdIty-free water as reqUIred 6 3 1 A new stock turbidity suspensIOn should be prepared each month The standard turbidity suspensIOn and dIlute turbidIty standards should be prepared weekly by dilutIOn ofthe stock turbIdity suspensIOn 64 The AMCO-AEPA-1 standard as supphed reqUIres no preparatIOn or dIlutIOn pnor to use 180 1-2PDF Image | Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes
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