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EngE2n0g2210,21, 2, 7 614 A pale-yellow liquid extract was obtained in all cases. For comparative purposes, the Table 2. Average yields of oil as a function of temperature and pressure. overall yields are detailed in Table 2. Temperature in ◦C Pressure in Bar Average Yield % Dry Weight Basis Table 2. Average yields of oil as a function of temperature and pressure. 8.97 Average Yield % Dry 25 65 25 68 8.58 Temperature in °C Pressure in Bar Weight Basis 25 71 2725 6565 2725 6868 8.52 8.97 6.41 8.58 8.82 6.93 3.39 5.90 6.51 27 71 25 71 8.52 6.41 8.82 6.93 30 65 27 65 30 68 27 68 30 71 27 71 30 65 3.39 Table 3. The percentage of key components as a function of temperature and pressure. 30 30 68 5.90 71 6.51 The % of the Key Components Determined in the Extract Temperature in ◦C The reference to Table 2 shows that higher yields were generally obtained at lower Pressure in Bar Eng 2021, 2, 8 sure of 65 bar. 25 65 70.9 temperatures. The highest yield, ≈9.0%, was obtained at a temperature of 25 °C and a pres- 25 68 50.9 25 71 53.2 Six key components were identified as being the most abundant in the oils extracted, 27 65 54.2 namely ar-turmerone, curlone, turmerone, β-sesquiphellandrene, zingiberene, and α-cur- 27 68 47.2 cumene. The reference to Table 3 shows that the extracts obtained at the lower tempera- 27 71 46.2 tures contained a higher percentage of the six key components. Typical component extrac- 30 65 39.6 tion curves for the three experiments carried out at 25 °C at varying pressures are shown 30 68 46.7 in Figures 4–6. These three were chosen for presentation because of their higher yields, 30 71 44.9 the associated standard deviations (S.D.) are given. Figure 4. Sub-critical component extraction curves at 25 ◦C 65 bar. Figure 4. Sub-critical component extraction curves at 25 °C 65 bar. Figure 5. Sub-critical component extraction curves at 25 °C 68 b◦ar. Figure 5. Sub-critical component extraction curves at 25 C 68 bar.PDF Image | Sub-Critical Fluid Extraction Turmeric vs Hydrodistillation
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