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obtain the natural pigments used as raw materials for the food industry because of the content of residual solvent in the extracts (contamination). 3.2 Influence of Ethanol as Co-solvent The extraction of oilresin from the rhizomes of turmeric (expressed in terms of mass of oilresin extracted versus the amount of CO2) using supercritical CO2 and ethanol as co-solvent at pressures between 25 and 30 MPa and temperature of 313 K, submitted to a drying previous treatment at 343 K is shown in Figure 5. The results show that the addition of ethanol as co-solvent has a great influence on the extraction yield as illustrated in Table 2. The addition of ethanol in supercritical CO2 in the proportion (1:9 m/m) improves the polarity and hence on the solvation power. It is easy to observed that the course of extraction shows the two distinct extraction periods for the experiment carried out at 30 MPa and 313 K. For the experiment carried out at 25 MPa, the mass transfer kinetics is controlled by resistance of fluid phase (constant extraction rate). 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 P = 30 MPa, T = 313 K TDrying = 353 K P = 25 MPa, T = 313 K TDrying = 353 K 0 200 400 600 800 MCO2 [g] 1000 1200 1400 Figure 5. Mass of oilresin extracted as a function of solvent consumption for the supercritical CO2 extraction using ethanol as co-solvent. The weight fraction of curcumin and the and two curcuminoids (desmethoxy-curcumin: DMC and bis-desmethoxy-curcumin: BDMC) in the oilresin of turmeric obtained by supercritical CO2 using ethanol as co-solvent and submitted to a drying previous treatment is shown in Figure 6. For all the experiments the concentration of curcumin and the two curcuminoids increases till a MOil [g]PDF Image | SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION OF CURCUMINS
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