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maximum value and then decreases as the time increases. It is also observed that bis-desmethoxy- curcumin (BDMC) is the most soluble in the solvent mixture. The solubility of Curcumin in the solvent mixture is slightly higher than that of adesmethoxy-curcumin (DMC). The highest value for the oilresin concentration in the gaseous phase was considered to be equal to the equilibrium concentration (dynamic solubility). This value is reached at the beginning of extraction process. This may be due to the fact that the concentration in the gaseous phase depends not only on the mass transfer kinetics but also on the composition of the remaining oilresin in the solid matrix during the course of extraction. 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Figure 6. Concentration of curcuminoids in the oilresin during the course of extraction. Table 3 makes a comparison of the chemical composition of the essential oil from turmeric oilresin obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction using ethanol as co-solvent for the experiment carried out at 25 MPa and 313 K with those obtained by solvent extraction. The chemical identification of the essential oil has been performed by performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) (Viasan et al., 1989; Mondon et al., 1986). The results show that the supercritical CO2 extraction using ethanol as co-solvent is much more selective than solvent extraction as only a few compounds have been identified in the extracts obtained by solvent extraction. Although, the turmerones (turmerone and ar-turmerone), the major compounds of turmeric essential oil, responsible for the flavor characteristic of turmeric, have been found in higher quantities in the work of Mondon et al. (1986). 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Time [min] P = 30 MPa, T = 313 K TDrying = 343 K BDMC DMC Curcumin P = 25 MPa, T = 313 K TDrying = 343 K BDMC DMC Curcumin Curcuminoids [wt.%]PDF Image | SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION OF CURCUMINS
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