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14th High-Tech Plasma Processes Conference (HTPP 14) IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 825 (2017) 012005 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/825/1/012005 Summary and outlook Figure 14 gives a summary of the main results for the maximum discharge current Id,max, the impulse bit and the discharge energy Wd. The input energy Wb (proportional to the square of the battery voltage Ub) is dramatically increasing for higher input voltages, see also formula (1). The measured discharge energy Wd is also increasing in a similar way. But at higher voltages beyond 400 V the energy loss is rising too. So the effective energy available to initiate the discharge is not proportional to the input energy. The kink in the discharge energy slope at 400 V is caused by the higher energy losses at 500 and 600 V. In these cases, the energy efficiency is only 0.74 and 0.66 compared to the much higher efficiencies at voltages below 500 V. 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Figure 14. Summary of results for Id,max, impulse bit and discharge energy Wd for varying battery voltage Ub. One of the most essential problems for future high-frequency MPC applications is the erosion of the electrode system. Figure 15 shows the results of the erosion process after approximately 103 main discharge ignitions with a maximum current no more than 30 kA. The observed level of erosion was unexpectedly low as the studied high-current arc discharges with the self-induced strong tangential magnetic fields have fast moving cathode spots. But the main visual problem is in the diverter area (hole on the center of cathode) as shown in Figure 15. Possible ways for erosion decreasing in this area can be reached by changing the diverter diameter and shape. The theory and simulation of the plasma behavior in the MPC diverter area is very complicated. So future magneto-plasma simulations and experimental trials might give indications for a better diverter geometry with less erosion. Nevertheless, future air-breathing magneto-plasma propulsion systems will need up to 103 ignitions per second. So alternative materials from fusion reactors, amorphous metals and special alloys with different porosity and surface structuring will be be also investigated in the future. In this regards, the MPC itself might be useful to manipulate the surface structure of future electrode materials [7]. Figure 15. Results of erosion processes in MPC after 103 launches. Id,max kA Ibit mNs Wd/10 J 0 50 100150200250300350400450500550600650700750800 Ub V 8PDF Image | Breakthrough for Future Air-Breathing Magneto-Plasma Propulsion Systems 2017
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