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4 ADVANCED MANUFACTURING OFFICE Emissions Table 4 shows typical emissions for gas turbine CHP plants operating on natural gas. Emissions are shown without after treatment control and with after treatment control consisting of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system to control NOx and an oxidation catalyst to control CO and VOCs. A number of technologies can be used to control emissions, including diluent injection, lean premixed combustion, SCR, CO oxidation catalysts, catalytic com- bustion, and catalytic absorption systems. Table 4 shows CO2 emissions for CHP systems based on the power output and on the complete CHP system. For the complete CHP system, CO2 emissions are calculated with a thermal credit for natu- ral gas fuel that would otherwise be used by Table 4. Gas Turbine Emission Characteristics Description System 1 2 3 4 5 6 Net Power (kW) 3,304 4,324 7,487 10,669 20,440 40,485 Emissions before After Treatment (ppm at 15% oxygen) NOx 25 25 15 15 15 15 CO 50 50 25 25 25 25 VOC 5 5 5 5 5 5 Emissions with SCR and Oxidation Catalyst (ppm at 15% oxygen) NOx 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 CO 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 VOC 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 Emissions with SCR and Oxidation Catalyst (lbs/MWh)8 NOx9 0.13 0.13 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.05 CO10 0.16 0.15 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 VOC11 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.05 CO2 Emissions (lbs/MWh) Electricity only 1,682 1,598 1,368 1,424 1,206 1,123 CHP w/ thermal credit12 817 746 660 709 652 640 Note: Emissions are average values and are not intended to represent a specific product. an on-site boiler. With this credit, CO2 emissions range from 640-817 lbs/MWh. For comparison, a typical natural gas combined cycle power plant will have emissions of 800-900 lbs/MWh, and a coal plant will have CO2 emissions near 2,000 lbs/MWh. Emissions control technology for gas turbines has advanced dramatically over the last 20 years in response to regulatory changes that have continually lowered the acceptable emissions levels for nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). 8 NOx, CO, and VOC emissions expressed in units of lbs/MWh are based on electric output and do not include a thermal credit. 9 NOx conversion: NOx [lbs/MWh] = NOx [ppm @ 15% O2] / 271 / electrical efficiency [%, HHV] X 3.412. 10 CO conversion: CO [lbs/MWh] = CO [ppm @ 15% O2] / 446 / electrical efficiency [%, HHV] X 3.412. 11 VOC conversion: VOC [lbs/MWh] = VOC [ppm @ 15% O2] / 779 / electrical effiiency [%, HHV] X 3.412. 12 The CHP CO2 emissions include a thermal credit for avoided fuel that would otherwise be used in an onsite boiler. The boiler is assumed to operate on natural gas with an efficiency of 80%. For more information, visit the CHP Deployment Program at energy.gov/chp or email us at CHP@ee.doe.gov DOE/EE-1330 • July 2016PDF Image | Combined Heat and Power Technology Fact Sheet Series
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