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4.4.3 Fuel Costs 53 Airlines often procure an aircraft with outside sources. Therefore, the interest costs (๐ถ ) are considered and total price of the aircraft is used to determine the value. For insurance costs (๐ถ ), the delivery price of the aircraft is used. ๐ถ=๐, โ๐โ๐ (4.53) ๐ =๐ 1โ๐ (4.54) In order to calculate the fuel costs (๐ถ ), the mass of fuel must be calculated using (4.54). The number flight per year (๐ , ) must be calculated using an empirical formula derived in the AEA method by taking flight time (๐ก ) for one trip into account. By dividing the trip distance by the cruise velocity, one can approximate the flight time for one trip. The fuel price (๐ ) is taken from IATA (2019). At the time of research, the fuel price was 0.37 /kg. The mass of fuel (๐ ) is determined using (4.54) and by using the method in chapter 3.2. 4.4.4 Maintenance Costs ๐ถ= ๐ก, ,+๐ก,, โ๐ฟ+๐ถ,, ,+๐ถ,,, โ๐กโ๐, ๐ก,, maintenance man hours for airframe per flight hour ๐ก,, maintenance man hours for engine per flight hour ๐ฟ labor rate ๐ถ,,, cost of material for airframe per flight hour ๐ถ,,, cost of material for engine per flight hour An aircraft operator must always maintain it for making it airworthy. Large maintenance costs arise from spare parts and maintenance personnel working hours. Using the comprehensive approach (4.55), one can define the overall maintenance costs (๐ถ ). While ๐ถ , , , , defined mainly by the operating empty mass of the aircraft, ๐ถ , , , is accounted by obtaining the number of shafts, compressors and other engine parameters. Therefore, by multiplying all these factors by the flight time (in hours) and number of flights per year, ๐ถ is found. A few engine parameters are required for engine maintenance costs and they differ between turbo- fan, turboshaft and turboprop. (4.55)PDF Image | Comparison of Concepts: Classic Jet Propulsion, Turbo-Electric Propulsion and Turbo-Hydraulic Propulsion
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