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93 A hybrid electric system only attenuates the problem of the heavy batteries, but does not solve it. As can easily be seen, a turbo-electric propulsion concepts will have a mass of the propul- sion system three times the reference mass of the turbofan engine. Here a turbo-hydraulic concept may show some mass advantages. Also the partial turbo-electric (or turbo-hydraulic) concept may attenuate the problem, but again, is only a blend towards the original turbofan engine. In a turbo-electric respectively turbo-hydraulic concepts, the energy generated by the gas tur- bine engine is converted by a generator or a pump into electric current respectively hydraulic volume flow. This energy can be utilized by several fans or propellers that are driven by an electric motor respectively a hydraulic motor. The separation between power generation and thrust generation is called distributed propulsion and is said to bring advantages to the overall system design. Simple models for engine mass, price and energy efficiency are required for the electric and hydraulic machines. The thesis will contribute to these models with a literature review. The models can then be used in the tested aircraft design environment at the Aircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO) at HAW Hamburg. PreSTo is one aircraft design tool that can be ap- plied. Various methods to calculate the Direct Operating Costs (DOC) for passenger aircraft are in use at AERO. The environmental impact can be calculated with a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) that was developed especially for evaluations in aircraft design.PDF Image | Comparison of Concepts: Classic Jet Propulsion, Turbo-Electric Propulsion and Turbo-Hydraulic Propulsion
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