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B. Kareem et al. Figure 8. Stress/heat simulation analysis on the turbine rotor and blades. led to variation in efficiency of the stator profile (Figure 9). The least efficiency (40%) was found with the modified airfoil on stator and rotor, while the rotor axial chord reduction had the highest efficiency (75%) as compared with the stator count and stator axial chord reductions with relative blade performance shown in Figure 10. Comparing the recorded stresses and yield strength of the materials of the components, a wide margin was observed, which means that the components will serve their intended purposes without failure within the allow- able margin (Figure 9). It can be inferred, from the result of comparison, that the design is safe under normal working condition (at displacement range of 0 mm to 10.2883 mm) of the shaft in terms of stress, strain and temperature rise (Figures 6-8), beyond 10.2883 mm displacement the system is bound to fail (Figure 11). The simulated results showed that the design is optimized to perform in- tended functions without any record of failure. The only point of note was that the shaft must not exceed the maximum deflection of 10 mm under the maxi- mum allowable loading (Figure 11). The danger therein can be averted with improvement in material selection and right choice of loads acting on the system (Table 2). The exploded, assembled, sectioned micro turbine views with their specifications are given in Figures 12-14, respectively. The implementation of the process has enabled realization of the micro turbine that is capable of pro- ducing 5 kW of electric power using the superheated steam from PKS fuelled boiler of 5.5 kW capacity, as the prime mover. The components of the turbine and the mini power house can be produced using machining and welding tech- niques and the materials can be sourced locally (Table 2). The cost of produc- tion, inclusive of mini power house, is N590,000 or $1638 in US Dollars (Table 3). The cost of production can be greatly reduced by 50% under mass produc- tion regime. 4. Conclusion A steam micro-turbine that can produce up to 5 kW of electricity has been suc- cessfully designed, and validated using Solidworks and Comsol multiphysics DOI: 10.4236/jpee.2018.611009 120 Journal of Power and Energy EngineeringPDF Image | Design of Steam Turbine for Electric Power Production Using Heat Energy from Palm Kernel Shell
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